Battle of Badr
Battle of Badr (Arabic: غزوة بدر, ghazawāt Badr), was the first major battle between the Muslim community against its enemies. This war occurred on March 17, 624 AD or 17 Ramadan 2 AH. Small army of Muslims, amounting to 313 combat troops to face the Quraysh [1] of Mecca, amounting to 1,000 people. After fighting it out about two hours, troops crush Muslim Quraish defense forces, who then retreated in chaos.
Before this battle, the Muslims and the inhabitants of Mecca had been involved in several small-scale armed conflict between the late 623 to early 624, and armed conflicts are increasingly frequent. Nevertheless, the Battle of Badr was the first large-scale battles that occurred between the two forces. Muhammad when it was leading a small army in an attempt to make an interception against the caravans of Quraish who had just returned from Syria, when he was struck by the presence of Quraish troops are much bigger. Muhammad is highly disciplined troops moving forward against the opponent's defense position is strong, and managed to destroy Mekkah defense once killed several prominent leaders of Quraysh, among other alias is Abu Jahl bin Hisham Amr.
For the early Muslims, this battle is very meaningful because it is the first evidence that they might eventually defeat their enemies in Mecca. Mecca at that time was one of the richest and most powerful city in the Arabian era ignorance. The victory of the Muslims also demonstrate to other Arab tribes that a new force has risen in Arabia, and strengthening the authority of Muhammad as leader of various community groups that previously Medina frequently in conflict. Various Arab tribes began to embrace Islam and building alliances with the Muslims in Medina; thus, the expansion of Islam began.
The defeat of Quraish in the Battle of Badr cause they vowed to take revenge, and this happened about a year later at the Battle of Uhud.
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Senin, 11 April 2011
War Trojan
Peloponesos Trojan War or the War, according to legend, was the raid on the town of Troy, located in Asia Minor, by soldiers Akhaia (Mycenaean Greek), which occurs after Paris abducted Helen from her husband Menelaos, king of Sparta. This war is one of the important events in Greek mythology and is told in many works of Greek literature. The two most famous works are the Iliad and Odisseia Homeros work. Iliad relates to a part of last year siege of Troy, while the Odyssey tells Odisseusthe journey home ,one of the leaders Akhaia . Another part of the story is told in an epic series that left only in the form of fragments. Episodes of this war becomes material for the stories of Greek tragedy and the works of other Greek literature, and also for Roman poets like Virgilus and Ovidius.
Peloponesos Trojan War or the War, according to legend, was the raid on the town of Troy, located in Asia Minor, by soldiers Akhaia (Mycenaean Greek), which occurs after Paris abducted Helen from her husband Menelaos, king of Sparta. This war is one of the important events in Greek mythology and is told in many works of Greek literature. The two most famous works are the Iliad and Odisseia Homeros work. Iliad relates to a part of last year siege of Troy, while the Odyssey tells Odisseusthe journey home ,one of the leaders Akhaia . Another part of the story is told in an epic series that left only in the form of fragments. Episodes of this war becomes material for the stories of Greek tragedy and the works of other Greek literature, and also for Roman poets like Virgilus and Ovidius.
Minggu, 27 Februari 2011
CLEOPATRA
Ia adalah penguasa Mesir bersama ayahnya Ptolemeus XII, saudara laki-laki sekaligus suaminya: Ptolemeus XIII dan Ptolemeus XIV, dan akhirnya anaknya Caesarion. Cleopatra berhasil mengatasi kudeta yang dirancang oleh pendukung saudara laki-lakinya dengan bersekutu dengan Julius Caesar dan dilanjutkan Mark Antony. Cleopatra memiliki 1 anak dari Julius Caesar dan 3 anak dari Mark Antony (dua diantaranya adalah kembar).
Cleopatra bunuh diri sewaktu Augustus (Octavianus) naik tahta dan menyerang Mesir, dengan cara memasukkan tangannya sendiri kedalam keranjang penuh ular berbisa ( Asp / sejenis Cobra asal Afrika Utara). Kisah hidupnya sering didramatisasikan dalam berbagai bentuk karya, termasuk "Antony and Cleopatra" dari William Shakespeare dan beberapa film modern.
HUBUNGAN CINTA CLEOPATRA DAN JULIUS CESAR
Walaupun perbedaan umur Cleopatra dan Julius Caesar sebesar 30 tahun, Cleopatra dan Caesar menjadi kekasih selama Caesar berada di Mesir tahun 48 SM sampai 47 SM. Mereka bertemu ketika Cleopatra berusia 21 tahun dan Caesar berusia 50 tahun. Pada tanggal 23 Juni 47 SM, Cleopatra melahirkan Ptolemeus Caesar (disebut "Caesarion" yang berarti "Caesar kecil"). Cleopatra mengklaim Caesar sebagai ayahnya dan berharap untuk menjadikan anak itu sebagai ahli waris, tetapi Caesar menolak dan lebih memilih cucu lelakinya, Octavian. Caesarion dimaksudkan untuk mewarisi Mesir dan Romawi, menyatukan timur dan barat.
Cleopatra dan Caesarion mengunjungi Roma pada tahun 47 SM sampai tahun 41 SM dan hadir ketika Caesar dibunuh pada tanggal 15 Maret 44 SM. Sebelum atau sesudah pembunuhan, ia kembali ke Mesir. Ketika Ptolemeus XIV meninggal karena kesehatannya memburuk, Cleopatra menjadikan Caesarion penerusnya. Untuk menjaganya dan Caesarion, adiknya Arsinoe meninggal.
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